“Photography will make painting obsolete,” said Gustave Flaubert in his “the Dictionary of received ideas”, an assembly of notes made in the 1870s (Flaubert, 2018). People at the time were trying to cope with the major inventions brought on by technology,  such as trains, telegraph and photography. The spread of photographic technology put  pressure on the reigning artistic movement of the era, realism (Duggan, 2013). People began  to see realism in painting as coming short o

“I didn’t see colour as a young boy and I honestly don’t see colour now,” Howard Schultz, CEO of Starbucks, proudly proclaimed when he joined the presidential race in 2020 (Sullivan 2019). In his 2019 study, Boston University professor Rob Eschmann addresses such “colour-blindness” as racism that is hidden and masked by microaggressions and systematic barriers (Eschmann, 2019). Confronting modern racism in America, it seems, is rooted in revealing its varied forms through ant